Open surgery using a microscope and subinguinal approach (microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy) has the highest success rates when compared with other surgical methods. Advances in varicocele

Clear indications to repair a varicocele in adolescence include progressive testicular atrophy, pain, or abnormal semen analysis results. Although the treatment of a varicocele generally

The aim of varicocele treatment is to stop the blood from building up. This can be done by either closing off the vein using minimally-invasive

There is some evidence that varicoceles might reduce men’s fertility. But scientists do not yet fully understand why that may be. Some experts believe that

Most boys and men develop cancer in only one testicle. The remaining testicle usually can make enough testosterone to maintain fertility. If the other testicle

Testicular cancer and its treatment can affect hormone levels and can also affect the ability to father children after treatment. Therefore, it is important to

Repeated retrograde ejaculation can lead to a bladder infection.

An epididymal cyst is a cyst-like mass (growth) in the epididymis that contains clear fluid. The epididymis is a long coiled tube that lies above

A hydrocele is a type of swelling in the scrotum that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle. A hydrocele is

Mumps can occasionally affect the testicles, giving rise to a condition called orchitis, which means inflammation of the testicle. Orchitis in adult (post-puberty) males can